In Palaeomagnetic Research Group standard palaeomagnetic studies are carried out accompanied by rock-magnetic studies in order to identify magnetic minerals. The laboratory is equipped with modern research infrastructure that enable us to conduct the wide range of experiments. The studies of magnetic anisotropy are also carried out in connection with microtectonic and tectonic deformation studies. For the last few years in the frame of environments magnetism studies magnetic properties of unpolluted and polluted soils, magnetic properties of pollution collected on filters and plants as well as studies of magnetic properties of house-hold dust are investigated .
Recently investigations are performed on rocks of various types from the Carpathians, Sudetes, Holy Cross Mountains, rocks from Spitsbergen as well as from Slovakia, Ukraine, Russia, Croatia. The studied soils come from Poland and Ukraine. In our research tasks a group of a few Ph.D. students is enrolled.
Equipment for measurements of magnetic remanence with step-wise AF/TH demagnetization
Nonmagnetic furnace for thermal demagnetization
MMTDSC – Nonmagnetic furnace for thermal demagnetization of up to 24 specimens up to 800°C, , by Magnetic Measurements, Great Britain (controlled atmosphere option available, pTRM available) (financed by EPOS-PL)
MMTD-80 Nonmagnetic furnace for thermal demagnetization of up to 80 specimens up to 800°C, by Magnetic Measurements, Great Britain (controlled atmosphere option available, pTRM available)
MMTD1 Nonmagnetic furnace for thermal demagnetization of 18 specimens up to 800°C, by Magnetic Measurements, Great Britain
Equipment for acquisition of magnetic remanence
LDA5/PAM1 Alternating Field Demagnetizer/ Anhysteretic and Pulse Magnetizer, AF peak field of 200mT, DC field 500uT, pulse 20mT – Agico Czech Republic (financed by EPOS-PL)
LDA3a/AMU1a, Alternating Field Demagnetizer/ Anhysteretic Magnetizer, AF peak field of 100mT, DC field 500uT – Agico Czech Republic
Urządzenia do nakładania izotermicznej pozostałości magnetycznej (IRM)
Applications:
- Measurements of magnetic remanence of low intensity
- Thermal demagnetization of various kinds of magnetic remanence (natural and laboratory induced)
- Demagnetization of remanence with AF field
Equipment for magnetic susceptibility measurements
KLY-5A/CS-4/CS-L Susceptibility bridge for measurements of in- and out of phase of susceptibility and its anisotropy in room temperature and susceptibility in air or argon during heating from room temp. to 700°C and in temperature range from -194°C (liquid nitrogen) to room.temp., Agico, Czech Rep., equipped in 3D rotator (financed by EPOS-PL)
MFK1-FA – Susceptibility bridge for measurements of susceptibility and its anisotropy in room temperature in a wide range of field intensity in 3 frequencies of field ( 2-700 A/m in 976Hz, 2-350 A/m in 3904 Hz, 2-200 A/m in 15616 Hz)., Agico, Czech Rep. (CS4-/CS-L compatible)
KLY-3/CS-3/CS-L – Susceptibility bridge for measurements of susceptibility and its anisotropy in room temperature and susceptibility in air or argon during heating from room temp. to 700°C and in temperature range from -194°C (liquid nitrogen) to room.temp.Agico, Czech Rep.
KLY2 Susceptibility bridge for measurements of low field magnetic susceptibility and its anisotropy Geofyzika Brno, Czechoslovakia
MS2 battery powered portable susceptibility meter with a set of sensors (MS2B dual frequency lab sensor, MS2C100 core logging sensor, MS2D surface scanning probe, MS2F surface point probe, MS2G laboratory small size sample sensor, MS2K surface scanning probe) (Bartington, UK), financed by EPOS-PL
MS3 field susceptibility meter (Bartington, UK)- financed by EPOS-PL
SM30 field magnetic susceptibility meter (ZH Instruments, Czech Republic)
Applications:
- Measurements of magnetic susceptibility of various materials (rocks, minerals, organic matter, dusts, liquids) for selected field frequences and wide range of field intensity
- Measurements of changes of magnetic susceptibility of powdered samples with temperature (-170°C – 700°C) in air and neutral atmosphere- detection of ferrimagnetic materials
- Measurements of anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility of weak samples – for paleomagnetic and tectonic studies
- Measurements of magnetic susceptibility in the field (mapping, outcrop and core logging, etc.)
Equipment for studies of magnetic hysteresis and Curie temperatures
Micromag AGFM 2900-02 Alternating gradient force magnetometer for measurements of magnetic hysteresis of very fine samples (up to 50 ug) in room temperature, max. field 1.4T, Princeton Measurements Corp., USA
AVFTB (Advanced Variable Field Translation Balance) – for hysteresis studies combined with M(T) and K(T) measurements at -170°-800°C temperature range, maximum field of 1.6T, samples up to 0.5g – Petersen Instruments, Magnetic Measurements, Great Britain)
VSM Nuvo Vibrating Sample Magnetometer for hysteresis measurements of magnetically strong specimens, max. field 1T, Molspin Ltd, Gr. Britain
STEPS III Apparatus for measurements of isothermal remanence during heating specimen in the air to 700°C in compensated external magnetic field, TUS, Poland built in 2001, modernized in 2020 (financed by EPOS-PL)
Applications:
- Measurements of parameters of magnetic hysteresis (coercivity, Mr/Ms ratios, Hcr/Hc ratios) for rock samples, soils, dusts, man-made materials (down to 10-30mg samples)
- Detection of magnetic phases and their domain states (Day-Dunlop plots)
- FORC analysis for detection of domain states (Micromag)
- Detection of the Curie/blocking temperatures of ferromagnetic materials (SIRM(T))
- Imparting of the laboratory generated magnetization for rock-magnetic studies of rock samples, soils, dusts 4. Imparting of the laboratory generated magnetization for rock-magnetic studies of rock samples
Equipment for PM dust collection (environmental magnetism studies)
PNS15C/ PM dust samples for PM10, PM2.5 and TPM (Atmoservice, Poland) Low volume sampler LVS-3D-A in connections with sequential filter changer unit, equipped with 15 filters magazine – 3 units
The procedure for determining of magnetic susceptibility for particulate matter collected with dust samplers is described in the paper:
Górka-Kostrubiec, B., Werner, T. & Karasiński, G. Measuring magnetic susceptibility of particulate matter collected on filters. Environ Sci Pollut Res 31, 4733–4746 (2024)
Equipment for field laboratory
Aerosol monitor – DustTrak DRX 8533- TSI (USA) 2 pcs
Simultaneously measure size-segregated mass fraction concentrations corresponding to PM1, PM2.5, respirable, PM10 and PM Total size fractions. It can collect sample for gravimetric analyses – with 37 mm filter, (financed by EPOS-PL+)
Drone for PM measurements in air
DJI Matrice Pro 600 (DJI, China) drone with PM Airdrone unit (Softblue, Poland)
Maximum load of 6 kg, with camera
It can measure PM in real time: (PM1, PM2.5, PM1)
Aethalometer can be also mounted instead of PM unit,
Air samples can be also collected (as an option)
Additional mount for camera and second battery pack , (financed by EPOS-PL+)
AE51 Black Carbon meter/ sampler Aethalometr AE51 (AethLabs, USA), (financed by EPOS-PL+)
can be installed for DJI Matrice pro 600
collected dust can be accumalated at filters and filters can be used for further magnetic susceptibilty determination in the laboratory
MS3- field susceptibilty meter (Bartington, Great Britain),
with sensors (MS2C90 sensor for rock cores, MS2E sensor for detailed profile and core survey), controlled by palmtop with GPS, (financed by EPOS-PL+)
A set of two drills for rock sampling
LMU Munich/ Mag-Instruments (Niemcy) – Echo 362TES (financed by EPOS-PL+)
Amagnetic containers for rock sample transportation and storage (Magnetic Measurements, Great Britain) – 4 pcs, (financed by EPOS-PL+)
